Aristotle is a key fi gure of legal and philosophical theory. The Western academic tradition is founded on his open dialogue to Sophists, Socrates and Plato. His concept of prudence ( phronêsis ) had quintessential meaning for Roman legal culture, and Aristotle has been present in legal theory ever since. For Aquinas he was the paradigm of the Philosopher, currently he is seen as the thinker who was the main opponent to the Enlightenment, and his writings are used consequently to challenge Modern ways of thinking. Most philosophical perspectives still assume Aristotle as their interlocutor. The new epistemological perspectives in legal theory, which arose during the twentieth century in connection to phenomenology and existentialism – for example philosophical hermeneutics, rhetoric, topics , theory of argumentation etc. – cannot be conceived without their reference to Aristotle. The same is true for jurisprudence, law and literature, contemporary natural law theories, legal pragmatism and virtue ethics. One way or another, most of us deal with the same problems as Aristotle faced and employ some of his theoretical tools to think these over. In the fi eld of practical philosophy and law, Aristotle’s presence is even more signi fi cant. There are examples of practical legal problems in the texts of Aristotle, which are still used in exactly the same way in the major textbooks for students. It is a moving experience to read in texts of more than 2000 years ago such phrases on legal matters.