This book is a result of my doctoral research at the University of Edinburgh. During my research, I received invaluable support and input from various people who deserve special thanks. I would first like to extend my heartfelt and sincere appreciation and gratitude to Dr. Paul Behrens for all the support and time he invested in me and my research during those long years. I am particularly grateful for all the lengthy discussions on various issues pertaining to this book. My undertaking of this project would not have been possible without his invaluable guidance. I have also benefited equally as much from the support of Dr. Stephen Neff, whose guidance helped me to shape coherent thoughts. Moreover, I would like to extend my warmest gratitude to the Old College Law School and library staff at Edinburgh University. In particular, I have benefited greatly from the practical advice of Dr. James Harrison. Among the people without whom this book could not have seen the light of day is Dr. Abdoulaye Sabre Foudal, not only for his unwavering support, but also for my nomination as Director of Applied Research at the National School of Administration of Chad, and for granting me unrestricted leaves of absence to allow me to complete this book. It has also been a pleasant experience to work with all the members of T.M.C. Asser Press and a great honour to publish this book in the International Criminal Justice Series.